What are the commonly used insulin regimens in clinical practice?

The use of insulin should be individualized, that is, according to the type of disease, condition, age, obesity and thinness, liver and kidney function status, work and rest routine, economic conditions and other different conditions, the treatment plan should be individualized.

There are two main types of treatment options:

（1）Insulin plus oral hypoglycemic drugs

Medium- and long-acting insulin is injected subcutaneously before bedtime to control basal blood glucose (fasting and before meals), and oral hypoglycemic drugs are taken before meals to control postprandial blood glucose. It is suitable for those who still have some pancreatic islet function but have elevated fasting blood glucose.

Usually start with a small dose, depending on the level of glycosylated hemoglobin and body weight.

(2) Insulin replacement regimens

Simulates physiological insulin secretion, which relies on insulin to control blood sugar throughout the day. There are three commonly used scenarios:

Premixed insulin injections are given before breakfast and dinner. It is used in patients with high postprandial blood sugar or high blood sugar throughout the day. It is suitable for patients who eat regularly, between morning and evening meals for 10 ~ 12 hours, and rarely add meals in between.

Short-acting (or rapid-acting) insulin injections before meals. Suitable for patients with isolated postprandial hyperglycemia.

Short-acting (or rapid-acting) insulin is injected before meals and intermediate-acting (or long-acting) insulin is injected before bedtime. It is suitable for patients with high fasting and postprandial blood glucose, or patients with large blood glucose fluctuations, postprandial hyperglycemia, and preprandial and nocturnal hypoglycemia.

Alternative treatment options are mainly indicated for diabetic patients with complete islet failure, such as those with T1DM and those with advanced severe T2DM.

The information is from the Internet and is for reference only.